1:

a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

______0,2------>0,2------------------->0,2_____(mol)

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b) \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)\)

2:

a) 

\(n_{HCl}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

______0,2<------0,4------------------>0,2______(mol)

=> \(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)

b) \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

Đề bài phải là thể tích CO₂ bạn nhé!

a, PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{4}{100}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6.25}{100}=3,65\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,04}{1}< \dfrac{0,1}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,04.22,4=0,896\left(l\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{CaCO_3}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,02\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,02.36,5=0,73\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{CaCl_2}=0,04.111=4,44\left(g\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{4}{100}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6\cdot25\%}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,04}{1}< \dfrac{0,1}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl còn dư, CaCO₃ p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCl_2}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{CO_2}=0,04\cdot22,4=0,896\left(l\right)\\m_{CaCl_2}=0,04\cdot111=4,44\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,02\cdot36,5=0,73\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

$n_{Mg} = \dfrac{4,8}{24} = 0,2(mol) ; n_{HCl} = 0,5(mol)$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
Ta thấy : 

$n_{Mg} : 1 < n_{HCl} : 2$ nên HCl dư

$n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{MgCl_2}=95.0,1=9,5\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{ddMgCl_2}=m_{Mg}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=2,4+200-0,1.2=202,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{9,5}{202,2}.100\approx4,698\%\\ d,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:H_2+CuO\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\Rightarrow CuOdư\\ n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,1.80=8\left(g\right)\)

a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3\%}=200\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot36,5}{200}\cdot100\%=3,65\%\\V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 1:

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.14,7\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,1=34,2\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{10}.100=36\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100\%-36\%=64\%\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18.25}{36.5}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

\(a.Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(b.\)

\(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0.5=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.25\cdot24=6\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.25\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)

\(c.\)

\(V_{H_2\left(tt\right)}=5.6\cdot90\%=5.04\left(l\right)\)

nZn = 6,5/ 65 = 0,1 mol

mHCI = 100. 14,6% = 14,6 (g)

nHCI = 14,6/36,5 = 0,4 (mol)

a ) Theo PTHH nH2 = nZn = 0,1 mol

\(\Rightarrow\)VH2 (điều kiện đạt tiêu chuẩn) = 0,1 . 22,4 = 2,24 (l)

b ) Theo PTHH : nZnCL2 = nZn = 0,1 mol

\(\Rightarrow\)mZnCL2 = 0,1 . 136 = 13,6 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\)m chất sau pứ = mHCI dư + mZnCI2 = 7,3 + 13,6 = 20,9 (g) mH2 = 0,1 . 2 = 0,2 (g)

Áp dụng ĐLBTKL ta có :

mdd ZnCI2 = mZn + mddHCI - mH2 = 6,5 + 100- 0,2 = 106,3 (g)

C%ddZnCI2 = 20,9/ 106,3. 100% = 19,7%